This PR introduces a complete, dependency-based Rate Limiting system for the FastAPI backend with Redis integration, configurable strategies, and automated validation through Settings. The implementation avoids middleware complexity and instead leverages FastAPI’s dependency injection system to enforce rate limiting at the endpoint level.

1. Rate Limiting via FastAPI Depends
   Adds a RateLimiter class usable via Depends.

   @router.get("/users", dependencies=[Depends(RateLimiter(times=2, seconds=5))])

2. Redis-backed Sliding Window Strategy
   Implements a redis-based sliding window rate limiter.

   Uses Redis key patterns containing:

   • identifier strategy (ip/user/header)
   • HTTP method + path

3. Strategy & Redis URL now configurable via .env

   New environment variables added:

   RATE_LIMITER_STRATEGY=sliding_window
   RATE_LIMIT_FAIL_OPEN=True
   REDIS_URL=redis://redis:6379/0